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On July 4th, in Melanie, Switzerland, British scientist Peter Higgs attended the European Nuclear Research Center to present a seminar on the latest progress in the search for the "God particle" Higgs boson.
On July 4th, in Seland, Switzerland, a seminar for the latest process of finding the "God particle" Higgs boson was held at the European Nuclear Research Center.
According to the official website of the European Nuclear Research Center (CERN) on July 4th, scientists at CERN have discovered a new type of particle whose characteristics are highly consistent with the theoretical description of the so-called "God particle," the Higgs boson. The range is about 125-126 GeV, but CERN said it needs more data to support it.
On the afternoon of the 4th, Beijing time, one of the experimental devices of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Joe Incantila, the spokesperson of the CMS (Compact Tweezers Coil) project, first released, and they had a level of 4.9 sigma. New particles were found in the 125.3 GeV (±0.6 GeV) mass range.
Immediately afterwards, Fabrizio Gianotti, spokesperson of ATLAS (superconducting toroidal detector), another experimental device of LHC, stated: "The data we observed clearly signify a new type of particle, a level of certainty. Up to 5 sigma, with a mass of around 126 GeV."
The Higgs boson cannot be observed directly, but by observing other particles such as photons generated after the decay of certain particles, it is possible to reverse whether the photons will be the result of particle collisions in the Large Hadron Collider. The boson decayed. While Sigma is used as a statistical term to represent the standard deviation, in the field of particle physics, having a certain level of 5 sigma (which is statistically true at 99.999%) can be considered as a true physical discovery. .
Therefore, for this result, the director of the European Nuclear Center, Rolf Hoyle, called it a “discovery†at the media briefing and described it as “a kind of discovery and the nature of the Higgs boson. Very consistent particles". He thinks this is a “milestone for people to understand nature†and adds that from an outsider's point of view, they have discovered it (Higgs boson); but from an insider’s perspective, Need more data.
Joe Inkandira also said: "To be able to discover new particles with a mass range of around 125 GeV at a certainty level of 5 sigma is very exciting. We know that it must be a boson, which is also the heaviest glass currently found. The significance of the salient forces has prompted us to continue research and crosschecks.†He described their findings as “one of the biggest new discoveries in the past 30 or even 40 years.â€
The original 83-year-old Peter Higgs, who first predicted the existence of Higgs particles, himself attended the outcome presentation of the day, and at the time of releasing the certainty level of "5 Sigma," he once had tears in his eyes. At the end of CERN's statement, he wiped his tears and said: "I want to congratulate everyone who is involved in this achievement. It's incredible to be able to witness this in your lifetime!"
The Higgs boson named after it is the only basic particle that the physicist predicts does not rotate. Before it was predicted, the standard model had a fatal flaw—it had no quality in the world it deduced. The Higgs boson is believed to be the basis for the quality of other particles. They crumple in the "ocean" of the Higgs boson, and they are inertially acted upon by the Higgs boson, and only then have the mass. At the same time, the Higgs boson is also the last of 62 standard particles of the standard model that has not yet been discovered. Because it is hard to find and extremely important, it is also called "God particle." The famous scientist Hawking has not been very "cold" with this kind of particle, and even willing to bet 100 dollars to say it does not exist. However, in an interview with the BBC on the 4th, Hawking said: "It seems that I lost this 100 yuan."
Currently on the CERN website, the research results announced on July 4 were marked with “preliminaryâ€. Since there are still data in the analysis, the results are expected to be made public by the end of this month. A more complete conclusion will be provided after the LHC provides more data for the experiment. , to be released later this year.
Finally, CERN stated that determining the characteristics of new particles will require a lot of time and data. But regardless of the shape of the Higgs boson, our understanding of the basic structure of matter will be an important step forward. The researcher will then determine the exact nature of the particle and its significance for human understanding of the universe.
As early as the end of 2011, the director of the European Nuclear Center issued a statement that if “God particle†really existed, CERN would be discovered within the next 12 months. In fact, in the past years of the LHC's operation, this statement has been used in much the same way. The result is equivocal or a sigh. Although he can't be said to be “in a single word†yet, the particle physicists who have been searching for dozens of years should be ready to welcome the Holy Grail. This is just as the director of the European Nuclear Center Rolf Hoyle said: “Today we witnessed the historic moment and found a new particle that resembles the 'God particle'. More than that, we started a new era. The physics of LHC has only just begun." (Reporter Zhang Mengran Zhang Hao)
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Chinese scientists made important contributions
At 3pm Beijing time today on the 4th, the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) announced in Geneva that the experiment at CERN "observed new particles that were consistent with the long-awaited Higgs boson." The reporter learned that in this experiment, Chinese scientists made important contributions, not only playing an important role in the construction of the detector, but also in the search for physical analysis of the Higgs boson.
At CERN, there are two experiments that look for Higgs at the same time. One is the ATLAS experiment and the other is the CMS experiment.
According to the researcher of the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the member of the ATLAS Experimental International Cooperation Group, the main contribution of Chinese scientists to the construction of the ATLAS detector is the liquid argon photon electron energy analyzer and precision muon drift chamber detector in the experiment. Spectrograph trigger system electronics detection, grid computing systems, etc., include important devices completed by scientists from Nanjing University, Chinese Academy of Sciences High Energy Institute, and China University of Science and Technology. In particular, the ATLAS end cap μ-triggered detector was built by Shandong University with 400 units, all of which are qualified and praised.
In terms of the physical analysis results of the Higgs boson of the ATLAS experiment, there are also important contributions from Chinese scientists, such as the photon-triggered efficiency study, measurement of the two-photon Higgs boson reconstruction background noise, and the decay of the fourth lepton H→ZZ. ∗→41 Data production, screening of signal cases, and development of data-based Z+jet background analysis are all contributions of Chinese scientists.
In the ATLAS experiment, although the number of Chinese participants was only about 1% of the total number of personnel, ATLAS's former spokesman Peter Janine said that Chinese scientists’ contribution to the ATLAS experiment is far more than 1%.
In the CMS experiment, Chinese scientists also made important contributions. One-third of the end cap muon detectors were built by Chinese scientists, and the crystals in the end cap electromagnetic quantifiers were also provided by Chinese scientists. Chen Guoming, a researcher at the Institute of High Energy Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a member of the International Cooperation Team of CMS Experiments, said that last year he used the latest method of Americans in the physical analysis of the Higgs boson search. This year, he adopted the Chinese method because this method Compared with Americans, the sensitivity has increased by 3%. (Reporter Li Daqing)
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