The main diseases of shiitake mushrooms are green mold, spore mold, and penicillium. Their symptoms, causes of illness and pesticide control methods are as follows.
First, the spore mold 1, symptoms and causes of hyphae at first white, and then gradually orange-red, the speed of transmission is extremely fast, and some growers due to the contamination of the bacteria bag appeared "full house red." This kind of bacteria is easy to occur under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and often occurs due to excessive humidity in the mushroom house or incomplete sterilization of the culture material.
2, prevention and control measures (1) preparation of culture materials can be used to effectively control the spore mold with 1:800 carbendazim solution.
(2) Strict aseptic operation during inoculation.
(3) The environment of the mushroom bag in the mushroom house should be dry, moisture-proof and high-temperature resistant.
(4) Once it is found that the lime powder can be covered in the key area, and wrapped in a damp cloth soaked with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, it can be buried deep in the distance to avoid polluting the space.
2. Penicillium 1. Symptoms and Causes The hyphae are white in the early stage, and then turn to blue-green, blue-gray-green. It is suitable for growth and reproduction in a temperature range of 20 ° C to 25 ° C and an acidic environment.
2, prevention and control measures (1) strengthen the mushroom room ventilation, reduce humidity, reduce damage.
(2) Locally occur with 40% formaldehyde solution or 5% to 10% lime water to rinse the victim.
3. Green mold 1. Symptoms and causes The damage is white at the beginning, dark green at the end, dark green in the center of the colony, and gradually becomes shallower outwards, which seriously turns the bag culture medium into black-green and stinky. The main cause of the disease is that the culture material is not completely sterilized; the aseptic operation is not achieved during the inoculation; the bacterial bag is not tightly sealed; the long-term ventilation is poor, the relative humidity of the space is too high; and it is easy to develop in the temperature range of 15 ° C to 30 ° C and the acidic environment. .
2, prevention and control measures (1) sterilization of culture materials must be thorough, the culture material should be evenly pre-wet, in order to be completely sterilized.
(2) Strict operation is strictly performed during inoculation.
(3) Do not use too much acidic disinfectant such as formaldehyde to avoid an acidic environment.
(4) Green mold is found on the surface of the bacteria bag, and the syringe can be injected into the victim with 75% alcohol or a mixture of 2% formaldehyde and 2% stone carbonic acid.
(5) If found on the fungus tube after bag removal, it can be applied to the victim by 0.2% carbendazim or lime slurry.
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