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The 4th Chemical Industry Hazard Analysis and Risk Control Seminar July 30, 2015 -31 days in Huizhou, Guangdong Co-sponsored: China Chemical Safety Association, CNOOC Refining & Chemical Co., Ltd., Sichuan Mechanical Research and Design Institute Website: http:// Registration consultation phone: 010-64463877
ask:
We are a company engaged in the production of chemicals. I would like to ask: How is the production of poisons classified?
answer:
The classification of productive toxicants is carried out in the following categories.
First, according to the existence form:
Solid state: such as sodium cyanide, p-nitrochlorobenzene.
Liquid: such as benzene, gasoline.
Gas: An amorphous gas such as chlorine, bromine, ammonia, carbon monoxide, and methane that is emitted into the air at normal temperature and pressure. Usually liquids with a high vapor pressure are also gaseous poisons such as chloropropene.
Vapor: A substance that is solid or liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and is formed by sublimation of a solid or evaporation of a liquid, which is called vapor. Such as benzene vapor, gasoline vapor, etc. Metallic mercury can also be converted to mercury vapor.
Fog: Usually referred to as an aerosol, it refers to fine droplets suspended in the air. Such as acid mist of various acid vapor condensation, paint mist of benzene in painting operation, and the like.
Smoke: refers to solid particles suspended in air having a diameter of less than 0.1 μm. Such as lead dust generated when melting lead.
Aerosol: refers to solid particles suspended in air with a diameter of 0.1 to 10 μm. Particles such as dust, smoke and mist suspended in the air are collectively referred to as aerosols. Commonly used in the chemical industry are pigment dust containing lead and chromium.
The second is classified by chemical composition:
Metals and metalloids: such as lead, mercury, manganese, arsenic, etc.
Organic compounds: such as benzene, aniline, carbon tetrachloride, and the like.
Polymer compound monomer: refers to a large molecular weight compound having a molecular weight of up to tens of thousands or even millions. Such as natural gas, coal tar, petroleum cracking gas, etc. The polymer compound is formed by polymerizing or condensing one or several monomers. Such as polyvinyl chloride monomeric vinyl chloride, polypropylene clear monomer acrylonitrile. In addition, there are stabilizers, curing agents, foaming agents, solvents, and the like.
The third is classified by purpose:
Organic solvents. There are more than one hundred kinds of organic solvents commonly used in industrial production. Such as aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, styrene, etc., cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc., aliphatic hydrocarbon gasoline, kerosene, etc. .
Pesticide: refers to pesticides used to control pests, germs, rodents and other harmful plants that endanger crops and regulate plant production. Such as DDT, BHC, insecticide, Bataan, methyl bromide and so on.
Chemical raw materials: inorganic chemical raw materials such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and soda ash, caustic soda, organic chemical raw materials such as benzenes, alkenes, aldehydes, phenols.
The fourth is to classify the hazards to the human body:
Asphyxiating gas: refers to the gas that can cause hypoxia in the body. It can be divided into simple anoxic and chemical anoxic. The former is such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and the latter is carbon monoxide or hydrogen sulfide.
Irritant gas: A chemical gas or vapor that is irritating to the eye or respiratory mucosa. Such as hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, chlorine, phosgene, ozone and so on.
Mainly acting on the blood system of poisons: such as benzene, aniline, arsine and so on.
Mainly acting on the liver system of poisons: such as carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, trinitrotoluene and so on.
Toxic substances that can act on the myocardium: such as carbon monoxide, ammonia, pyrolysis gases of organic fluorine and pyrolysis.
Toxic substances that can act on the nervous system: such as lead, mercury, manganese, acrylamide, organophosphorus, fluoroacetamide, and the like.
(Source: Labor Protection Magazine)
[Editor: Chen Guofang]
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