2017 anti-static clothing research report (extract)

Production and life are all connected with static electricity, and static electricity directly or potentially brings different degrees of harm to humans in all aspects. There are a large number of flammable and explosive sites in the petroleum and chemical industries, which can easily lead to static electricity explosions. According to statistics, most fire and explosion accidents in the workplaces such as gunpowder, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and petroleum are caused by static electricity exceeding safety. Limits, caused by spark discharge.

The human body generates static electricity due to contact, induction and adsorption. People wear clothing, and the clothing and clothing are continuously in close contact with and separation from the human body. Different materials wear static electricity with different symbols through contact. When people approach a charged object or person, they are brought to the same level through electrostatic induction. The symbol's charge, when the person leaves the charged object (or person), the human body carries the static electricity through induction; after the person moves in the space of charged particles or small droplets (dust, water vapor, oil vapor), the charged particles or the small liquid Drops fall on the human body and are absorbed by the body and cause the body to become electrostatically charged. The human body generates a large amount of static electricity during various activities. Its voltage may be as high as several thousand volts, the generation of static electricity and the material of the human body wearing clothing, the intensity of activities, the type of working tools used, the conductivity of the ground, and the temperature of the surrounding environment. There is a close relationship between humidity, such as wearing shoes to walk on ordinary ground (usually speed), static voltage on clothes (1200-1500) V, sliding on artificial leather soft chairs, static voltage on clothing (1500-2800) V. Take off the coat and the static voltage (5000-7000)V on the clothing. For a long time, people used grounding, shielding, neutralization and other methods to eliminate the harm of static electricity. Anti-static overalls is a kind of labor protection product that can eliminate or reduce the electrostatic hazard of human body. In order to minimize the electrostatic charge on the human body and reduce the risk of electrostatic accident, it is used in various inflammable and explosive places or precision electronic devices. Personnel working in sensitive locations must wear antistatic clothing. In order to reduce the electrostatic hazards of the human body and provide the basis for development and decision-making, it is necessary to conduct special investigations on all aspects of the anti-static clothing industry chain.

In December 2016, the Labor Insurance Products Professional Committee of the Jiangsu Textiles Distribution Industry Association formulated a research plan and drafted a research outline. The research team conducted special investigations on the production, operation, research, and inspection of anti-static clothing in Jiangsu Province. Units and enterprises include: School of Textile Engineering, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu Textile Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yiyi Co., Ltd., Nantong Baojian Special Occupational Garment Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Gongwei Garment Co., Ltd., Baoying Hengan Needle Textile Co., Ltd. , Kangdiya high-grade fabrics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Changzhou Saifu Security Protective Products Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Special Security Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Suzhou Security Industry Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Labor Protection Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Station. With active support and cooperation from the participating units and related parties, a preliminary research report was formed in January 2017. Based on the extensive solicitation of comments on the first draft of the survey report in February 2017, this research report was formed.

1, anti-static equipment development process

China's electrostatic protection began in the 1960s. During this period, industries such as petroleum, chemical industry and coal mining have developed rapidly. The number of explosions caused by static electricity has gradually increased. Some petrochemical, coal mine and occupational safety agencies have begun to study and rectify the fire and explosion caused by static electricity. Anti-electrostatic equipment in the electronics and pharmaceutical industries started later than petrochemical, pyrotechnics, and coal mining systems. It was developed by studying the damage of static electricity to microelectronic devices and components and how to prevent such damage. It was first started in the mid-1970s. The anti-static problem in the electronics industry was still in its infancy in the early days of the development of China's IT industry in the 1970s. Since the 1980s, the industries of computers, communications, and integrated circuits have entered a period of rapid development, and the problem of electrostatic hazards has become prominent. Both the production of integrated circuits and the development of electronic information have had adverse effects. In addition, static electricity issues also involve the quality of military products. In the same period, the introduction of a large amount of foreign capital put forward new anti-static concepts and requirements for the microelectronics production environment, which accelerated the formation of the anti-static equipment industry. The electronic anti-static equipment industry was formed roughly from 1984 to 1991, during which the GB12014-1989 "Electrostatic Anti-static Overalls" standard was issued. From 1993 to 2001, China's anti-static equipment industry developed rapidly. The anti-static equipment industry was greatly developed, forming three major industrial concentration areas in the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Bohai Economic Circle. The service standard was revised and the GB12014-2009 "Antistatic Clothing" standard was issued.

2. Anti-static clothing related policies and regulations

Electrostatic problems in production and life often have adverse consequences and cause greater harm. As of January 19, 2011, an electrostatic discharge explosion accident occurred when CNPC Fushun Petrochemical heavy-duty catalytic converter de-ethanoid gasoline was discharged at high speed, 2014 On August 2nd, Kunshan Zhongrong Metal Products Co., Ltd. had a "8.2" major explosion accident. Among the indirect causes of the accident, there were safety protection measures, and labor protection products such as anti-static tooling were not provided. Therefore, the state and relevant departments have successively formulated a series of laws and regulations that guarantee safety and prevent electrostatic hazards, such as: "The People's Republic of China Safety Production Act," "People's Republic of China Product Quality Law," "People's Republic of China Fire Protection Law."

3, anti-static clothing related standards

Countries and industries have strict regulations on the generation and prevention of static electricity, and many standards have been formulated, such as: GB 12158-2006 "General Guidelines for Preventing Electrostatic Accidents", GB 15577-2007 "Dust Explosion Protection Safety Regulations", and AQ 1082-2010 "CBM Safety Regulations for Gathering and Transportation, AQ4115-2011 "General Guide for Preventing Electrostatic Discharge of Fireworks and Firecrackers", GB50016-2014 "Code for Fire Protection of Architectural Design", GB50160-2008 "Code for Design of Fire Protection for Petrochemical Enterprises", GB50156-2014 "Automobile Refueling Station" Design and Construction Code, GB50028-2006 "Urban Gas Design Code", GB50058-2014 "Design Code for Explosion Hazardous Environment Electrical Installation", GB50257-2014 "Electrical Installation Engineering Explosion and Fire Hazardous Environment Electrical Installation and Acceptance Specifications", SH3097-2000 Specification for Electrostatic Grounding of Petrochemical Industry, SJ/T10694-2006 General Specifications for Antistatic Testing of Electronic Products Manufacturing and Application Systems, GB13348-2009 Electrostatic Safety Regulations for Liquid Petroleum Products, and HG/T23003-1992 Chemicals Enterprise Electrostatic Safety Inspection Procedures, GB/T11651-2008 "Personal Protective Equipment Selection Specifications", etc., communications, electronics, etc. Industry also issued regulatory measures anti-static.

GB 12158-2006 "General Guidelines for the Prevention of Electrostatic Accidents" stipulates that when the danger level of a gas explosion belongs to zone 0 (environment where explosive gas mixtures occur continuously or for a long time) and zone 1 (explosive gas mixtures may occur during normal operation (Environment), and the minimum ignition energy of combustibles is below 0.25mJ. Workers should wear anti-static shoes and antistatic clothing. GB15577-2007 "Dust explosion-proof safety regulations" stipulates that the presence of flammable dust and gaseous oxidants (mainly air) place should be used in accordance with the provisions of GB 11651 anti-static clothing and other labor protection supplies.

With the increase in people's awareness of anti-static protection and the need for human body electrostatic protection, anti-static clothing also enters production and life as labor protection products. In order to meet the national and industry requirements for electrostatic protection of the human body, a series of relevant standards for anti-static clothing have been issued successively. Uniform technical regulations have been applied to anti-static clothing applicable to places where electrostatic accumulation may cause electric shock, fire and explosion hazards. GB 12014-2009 "Antistatic Clothing", GB/T 23316-2009 "Requirements and Test Methods for Antistatic Performance of Workwear", GB/T 18136-2008 "Exchange High Voltage Electrostatic Protective Clothing and Test Methods", GB/T 12703.1- 2008 "Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles - Part 1: Static voltage half-life", GB/T 12703.2-2009 "Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles - Part 2: Charge surface density", GB/T 12703.3-2009 "Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles Part 3: Electric charge, GB/T 12703.4-2010 "Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles - Part 4: Electrical resistivity", GB/T 12703.5-2010 "Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles - Part 5: Frictional charged voltage", GB/ T 22042-2008 "Test Methods for Surface Resistivity of Clothing Antistatic Performance", GB/T 22043-2008 "Apparatus antistatic performance through the resistance of materials (vertical resistance) test method", GB/ T 23464-2009 "protective clothing anti-static wool knitwear", GB/T 24249-2009 "anti-static clean fabric", FZ/T 54042-2011 "conductive polyester stretched filament" and so on.

4, anti-static clothing products

Anti-static clothing refers to garments sewn with anti-static fabrics for the purpose of preventing the accumulation of static electricity in the human body. The clothing is sewn with conductive fibers so that the individual parts of the garment maintain electrical continuity. With high efficiency, permanent anti-static, dust-proof performance. Anti-static clothing products generally have anti-static clothing, split clothing, clothing, shirts, cotton, wool knitted clothes and other styles customized according to requirements, but also with anti-static socks, hats, gloves, shoes, wrist straps and other freedom combination. The dust-free anti-static clothing adopts non-dusting fabric and special overlock machinery in the process of making the garment, effectively reducing the generation of particles. Anti-static clothing applies to petroleum, mining, metallurgy, chemistry, electronics, atomic energy, aerospace, weapons, food, fireworks, medicine and other industries.

5. Anti-static clothing production industry development prospects

(1) Status of the industry

China's special protective clothing industry is a developing sunrise industry. With the continuous development of China’s market economy, the country’s increasing emphasis on safe production and environmental protection, and the improvement of people’s cultural quality and safety awareness, the demand for various kinds of special protective clothing will increase, and the demand for special protective clothing will increase. The requirements for protection performance, variety, quality, style and color are also increasing.

Anti-static clothing is the category with the widest range and largest number of all special protective clothing. According to statistics, the total number of employees in China is about 200 million people. The annual demand for various kinds of protective clothing is about 120 million sets. The annual demand for special protective clothing accounts for about 35% of all protective clothing, which is about 40 million sets. Among them, anti-static consumption is the largest, accounting for about 40% of the annual demand for special protective clothing, which is about 16 million sets. Anti-static clothing will grow at a rate of about 10 to 15% per year. This is a fairly large market and requires companies and industries to jointly develop and develop. In general, the market demand for anti-static clothing presents a growing trend. First, social needs have gradually expanded. Second, laws and regulations and safety supervision and management systems have been increasingly perfected, and safety investment has increased year by year. However, on the other hand, people from all walks of life, including some people in the industry, still lack understanding of their position and role in safety production, and the degree of awareness and concern about this product is still insufficient. At the same time, the practical situation of the employees themselves in a disadvantaged position has determined that they do not have a deep understanding of the occupational hazards in the workplace, they generally lack self-protection awareness, know little about their own dangerous environment, and do not come up with protective equipment requirements. Maintain your own rights and interests. Under such circumstances, some enterprises regard national laws and regulations and the lives of employees as a child's play, depriving workers of the right to use protective equipment; some regard them as welfare benefits, and rarely think about the reasons for personal protective equipment when analyzing casualty accidents. . Therefore, the industry is still in a situation with huge social needs. However, due to people's long-term neglect, it has become a fringe environment for marginal industries.

The promotion of policies has provided opportunities for the development of anti-static clothing industry. However, in the industry, the majority of manufacturers of anti-static clothing are small-scale, low-yield, and highly dispersive. Most enterprises re-process and lightly research and develop, and their technological content is not High, but some products with uneven quality and undocumented products are still flowing into the market.

In addition, for the anti-static clothing standard GB12014-2009 that is currently in use, there are some confusions in the specific implementation and use: First, the issue of the correlation between the fabric point-to-point resistance and the amount of charged electric charge in clothing, and how the two are taken into account; It is a very high level of A-level anti-static clothing, which is higher than international standards. The issue of necessity is questionable. The existence of these two problems has brought a lot of troubles to anti-static fabrics and anti-static clothing manufacturers, and has caused some misleading users. Some enterprises needlessly choose high-level protection performance and increase procurement costs. This actually causes a waste of social resources and also brings certain risks and troubles to suppliers.

(2) Promotion or constraints

Constraints: First, lack of human resources. Most of the employees in manufacturing enterprises are junior and senior high school education, and there is a relative lack of professional and technical personnel. The low quality of employees has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the rapid development of enterprises. Second, weak research and development capabilities. At present, most labor protection scientific research institutions are committed to engaging in the development of new products for personal protective equipment. However, production companies are restricted by various factors such as talents, funds, technology, and information. Their own R&D capabilities are insufficient, and new products are rarely available. Third, brand building is not enough. At present, the overall competitiveness of domestic products in the market and foreign products is still not a small gap, the main reason is that the brand's visibility, reputation and competitiveness are not enough.

Contributing factors: National relevant departments and trade associations are further accelerating the establishment of a standardized system for protective equipment systems, and are gradually formulating and implementing product standards and equipment standards that are truly suitable for individual protection of employees, so that labor companies can provide protective equipment for workers. There are laws to follow, so that manufacturers of protective products can be followed when they research, develop and produce. In March 2016, under the unified leadership of the National Standardization Management Committee, the National Standardization Technical Committee for Personal Protective Equipment has successively carried out the integrated review of mandatory standards for individual protective equipment and the centralized review of recommended standards, in order to build a reasonable structure and scale. The foundation for a moderate and content-based new national standards system has been laid, and efforts are continuously being made to achieve the goal of “one market, one bottom line, one standard”. What is even more gratifying is that the 13th Five-Year Plan of the National Standards Committee has already included mandatory “Personal Protective Equipment Provisioning Regulations”, and a set of more scientific, comprehensive, and more appropriate standards will be gradually formulated, published and implemented. It will surely have an unprecedented impact on the field of occupational protection in China, and it will be a huge plus for the majority of laborers, employers and manufacturers.

(3) Development prospects

With people’s constant attention to occupational health and safety and the country’s high attention to safe production, combined with the benefits of the gradual establishment of the national PPE system, we have reason to believe that personal protection is represented by ESD clothing. The equipment industry is bound to usher in a new tomorrow and the development prospects are bright. However, enterprises are still required to continue to increase their efforts in “creating a brand”. In addition to consolidating the basic qualities such as good customer reputation, unique professionalism, and excellent product quality, the brand must further develop and cultivate its own industry characteristics and brand positioning. The core qualities of the brand with distinctive characteristics are adapted to the ever-changing market, and the continuous development of “nuclear power” for the company’s long-term development ensures that the company develops on the right path in the right way and is the sustainable development of the brand. Competitively catch up with international brands to lay a solid foundation.

In addition, the anti-static wool knitting industry is one of the most dynamic and development potential areas in the anti-static clothing industry. At present, anti-static wool knitwear is a period of overall adjustment and industrial upgrading. It is also an opportunity to face challenges. With the improvement and development of the macro economy and the improvement of people’s living standards, the market demand for anti-static wool knitwear is increasing, and there will be more and more varieties, serialization, fashion, gentrification, comfort, and functionality. And branding trend development. (Excerpt)