Pre-podding measures: 1. Field selection. Select a slightly acidic sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, good irrigation and drainage, good permeability and medium fertility. 2. Prepare the land. After the harvest, the ploughing is carried out by ploughing, and the ridges are ridged and sloping 100 cm. At the same time, the ring groove and the cross groove are opened to facilitate drainage. 3. Seed potato treatment. Choose potato chips with no disease and insect pests and smooth potato skin. Whole potato seeding can be used as a seed potato with about 50 grams of whole potatoes. For seed potatoes larger than 80g, the seed potatoes should be cut into small pieces of 30~50g. When cutting, they should be cut obliquely or vertically from the umbilical part according to the order of the buds, so that the upper part of each seed potato is equipped with top buds. After cutting, the cross-section of the seed potato is stained with grass ash to prevent evaporation of water, kill the bacteria, and maintain the physiological balance in the stem. After planting the potato for 1~2 days, use the wet sand to lay the bottom, stack a layer of seeded potato with a layer of moist sand, and then cover the film for germination to ensure that the seedlings are quick and uniform after sowing, which is beneficial to the whole seedling.
Sowing at the right time: 1. Variety selection. High-yield and disease-resistant varieties such as “Purple Flower 851â€, “Kexin No.3â€, “Zhongshu No.3†and “Spring Potato No.4†were selected. 2. Fine seeding. The suitable cultivation area for winter potato is the area below 200 meters above sea level. It is usually planted after harvesting of late rice (or late potato), and the optimum sowing date is from early November to early December. Planted in two rows, the plant spacing is 25 cm, the row spacing is 30 cm, and about 4,500 holes per mu. When planting, the bud eye is upward, and the seeding is carried out according to the length of the bud eye, which is conducive to uniform seedling emergence. Before sowing, apply 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre to the line, use 25 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to apply the bottom of the hole, and plant the seed with 750 kg of soil and fertilizer.
Field management technology: 1. Scientific fertilization. Early application of seedling fertilizer, when the seedlings are unearthed 80%-90%, should be re-applied a quick-acting seedling fertilizer, 25 kg per acre of bicarbonate or 10 kg of urea, pouring 1500 kg of water. In the bud stage (50~70 days after sowing), apply the potato fertilizer, 25 kg per mu of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of potassium sulfate. 2. Water management. After sowing, in the case of dry weather in the seedling stage, the ditch water should be irrigated in time to moisten the soil and promote the whole seedling. During the bud period, the upper part of the buds grows rapidly, the stems and leaves are luxuriant, the tubers begin to form and expand, and in the case of drought, the ditch must be irrigated (one third) to moisten the bauxite. In the early stage of the potato, the transpiration is strong, the underground stem grows rapidly, and the water demand is large. The moist surface should be kept moist, which is conducive to tuber swelling. In the growing field, 35 grams of 15% paclobutrazol is used in the bud period, and evenly sprayed with 60 kg of water to prevent the lengthening. The moisture in the late growth period should not be too much. Pay attention to clearing ditch drainage in case of rain. 3. Clearing the soil. When the seedlings are unearthed 80%, the soil should be cultivated in time to avoid the growth of the stems before the growth of the stems becomes ordinary branches and potatoes, and the tubers are exposed to green. At the beginning of the bud, combined with topdressing, the Qinggou soil was cultivated. 4. Pests and diseases, grass damage prevention. After sowing, use 100 ml of acetochlor to spray 60 kg of water to control weeds. Strengthen field inspections to prevent and control late blight, downy mildew, bacterial wilt, tigers, mites and other pests and diseases. 5. Defense frost. On the basis of fitness cultivation, pay attention to the combination of weather forecast, in the case of low temperature frost weather, use heat-increasing fertilizer, covering straw, irrigation and heat preservation, smoke and smoke, and timely washing to reduce the harm.
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